The advancement of technology has been a prelude to the emergence of different ways of nature inspiration, such as biomimetic, which has led to the lack of recognition of how to model and inspire nature in order to make a scientific review of architectural projects from the biomimetic perspective.
The aim of this study was to define a model, using biomimetic technology and nature inspiration. Functionalism is one of the most prominent features of biomimetic architecture. The architecture of Calatrava is organic, simple, and free of Gaudi’s morphological complexities.
Movement and functionality in Calatrava’s works are more pronounced than that of Gaudi due to the different time periods and technological progress as well as the influence of constructivist architects. Calatrava was influenced by Gaudi in architecture. With the tone of the day and utilisation of structure and technology, Calatrava goes beyond his culture and traditions in the modern context.
Gaudi became a surrealist architect with growing up in the neoclassical framework, relying on the geometry and cultural diversity of his time; supported by the symbols and historical monuments of Spain, influenced by factors such as the environment, family background, religion, and concurrency with the industrial revolution, and affected by formalist and constructivist architects.
Gaudi not only immortalised his artistic genius but also affected constructivist architects after himself. The two architects paid attention to form and function in their inspiration from nature. Gaudi can be considered the biomorphic architect and Calatrava can be considered a biomimetic architect.